Skateboard trucks are arguably the most crucial component of your setup, profoundly influencing your board’s feel and performance. They’re the heart and soul of your ride, and choosing the right pair can make all the difference. This comprehensive guide will break down everything you need to know about skateboard trucks, from size and components to different styles and brands, ensuring you make the best choice for your personal needs.
Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced skater, understanding the intricacies of skateboard trucks will significantly enhance your skateboarding experience. This guide dives deep into the materials, components, and how they affect your ride, providing all the knowledge you need to make an informed decision.
How to Select the Perfect Skateboard Trucks
Choosing the right skateboard trucks involves several important considerations. First and foremost, the width of your truck axles should match the width of your deck. This is a crucial factor that impacts stability and responsiveness.
Secondly, consider your preferred skateboarding style and terrain. Do you primarily skate street, transition, or just cruise? Different styles require different truck characteristics, such as bushing hardness, baseplate type, and even the pivot cups and washers used. While standard trucks often suffice, you might want to consider hollow or titanium trucks if your budget allows.
Lastly, consider your personal preference. Are you looking for an all-around truck or something more specialized? Lots of questions need answering, but by the end of this guide, you’ll be well-equipped to make the right choice.
Understanding Skateboard Truck Size
Skateboard trucks are available in various sizes, and it’s essential to note that there isn’t a universal standard across all brands. Always check the specifications carefully before purchasing. Matching the width of your trucks to your deck is crucial.
When selecting trucks, make sure the axle width corresponds with your deck width. The trucks shouldn’t be wider than the board, as this can hinder responsiveness and cause wheel bite, where the wheels rub against the board.
Selecting the Correct Width
The primary rule is to match your trucks’ axle width to your skateboard deck width. While perfect matching isn’t crucial, ensuring that your wheels don’t extend beyond the board when standing on its side (primo) is.
Excessively wide trucks reduce responsiveness and can cause wheel bite, while slightly narrower trucks can still provide a good ride. Narrower trucks can make your board more agile, but may compromise stability.
| Deck Width (Inches) | Independent Trucks | Thunder Trucks | Tensor Trucks | Venture Trucks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| < 7.5″ | 109 | 143 | – | – |
| 7.5″ – 7.99″ | 129 | 145 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| 8.0″ – 8.49″ | 139, 144 | 147, 148 | 5.35, 5.5 | 5.2 |
| 8.5″ – 8.99″ | 149, 159 | 149, 151 | 5.75 | 5.8 |
How to choose skateboard trucks infographic
What If Your Trucks Are Too Narrow?
Narrower trucks relative to your deck width can compromise stability, especially for skaters who enjoy vert and bowl riding. While they may increase agility, they often lead to a less comfortable ride with reduced stability. However, the benefit is a reduced risk of wheel bite.
The Problems With Overly Wide Trucks
Wide trucks offer stability, but overly wide trucks can cause issues. You won’t be able to perform primo tricks, and the wheels may protrude beyond the deck, possibly leading to your feet hitting them. While not as significant for taller skaters, a less responsive board can make flip tricks harder. It’s best to select the correct width to avoid these issues.
Skateboard Truck Height: Low, Medium, or High?
The height of your skateboard truck, measured from the baseplate to the hanger, affects your board’s stability and responsiveness. Generally, lower trucks offer better stability, while higher trucks provide more maneuverability.
Truck height is usually a matter of personal preference, but a rule of thumb is that a lower profile offers more stability. While there are low, medium, and high trucks, most brands typically offer just low and high variations, which can be confusing since heights vary between brands.
Low trucks are often favored by street and park skaters, while high trucks are preferred for transition, cruising, and bowl riding.
Wheel size also matters: low trucks pair well with 50-53mm wheels, medium trucks with 53-56mm, and high trucks with up to 60mm wheels. Riser pads can increase the height for accommodating larger wheels.
It’s also worth noting that while some believe higher trucks provide more pop, this is mostly due to technique and preference; the difference in height is minimal.
skateboard trucks height and matching wheel sizes
The Advantages of Low Trucks
Low trucks, typically between 46-49mm, provide maximum stability but require smaller wheels to prevent wheel bite. They are ideal for technical street and park skating due to their better grinding capability, flip trick facilitation, and stability at higher speeds. They offer less grip compared to high trucks and usually require a tighter setup.
The Versatility of Medium Trucks
Medium trucks offer versatility for all-around skateboarding, making them ideal if you enjoy both street and transition skating. They allow for slightly bigger wheels than low trucks but are not quite as high as high trucks. Riser pads can be added, but opting for high trucks might be a better alternative.
The Benefits of High Trucks
High trucks, ranging from 53.5mm to 58mm, are perfect for mini ramps, bowls, and verts. Their higher profile allows for better turns, especially with larger wheels, providing a surfy feel when cruising. You can ride them looser without worrying about wheel bite. While they turn better, high trucks offer less stability at higher speeds.
Exploring Skateboard Truck Components
trucks skateboard explosive view
Skateboard trucks are made using die casting, a process where a mix of metal, steel, and brass are used and sometimes finished with a powder coating. You can usually find aluminum parts or hollow axles in higher-end models. Standard metal trucks from reputable brands are usually reliable. However, understanding the different components will help you better understand your trucks.
Skateboard trucks have significantly evolved since their inception, and every part plays a crucial role in the performance. A skateboard truck includes the following components:
- Baseplate
- Kingpin
- Hanger
- Axles & nuts
- Bushings
- Washers
- Pivot cup
- Bushing seat
The Role of the Kingpin
The kingpin is a central component that holds the truck together by connecting the hanger to the baseplate. It can be replaced, but if it breaks, your truck will fall apart. The nut at the end allows you to adjust the tightness of your trucks; looser trucks enable better turns, while tighter trucks offer stability but less responsiveness.
The Hanger’s Significance
The hanger is the triangular metal part of the truck that supports the axle and is used for grinding. It is connected to the baseplate by the kingpin. It includes the pivot, connecting to the pivot hole in the baseplate. The hangar is the biggest part of the truck and is key for making turns. The hanger’s width is important for picking the correct deck width.
The Importance of Axles
Axles are where the wheels are attached and run through the hanger, and are secured with axle nuts. They need to be made of high-quality steel or titanium as they handle substantial force. A bent axle will require a new truck. If the thread wears out, it can be fixed with a skate tool.
Axle Nuts: Ensuring Wheel Security
Axle nuts secure the wheels to the axle. They should be tight enough to prevent the wheels from flying off, but not too tight. They can be purchased at any hardware store and are cheap to replace.
The Function of the Bushing Seat
The bushing seat is where the bushings sit, impacting the sharpness or moderateness of turns. The height of the seat walls determines how the truck performs.
Bushings and Their Effect on Performance
Bushings, made of polyurethane, allow the board to pivot when you lean to make turns. The hardness of the bushing is crucial and depends on your weight and style. Heavier skaters should go for harder bushings and those who prefer loose trucks should opt for softer bushings. Bushings require a break-in period, and if they feel too loose after skating for a few days, consider tightening them or replacing them with harder ones.
The Purpose of Washers
Washers are rings placed on the truck’s axle and are placed between the wheels and bearings. They help protect the bearings and allow your wheels to spin faster by reducing friction.
The Role of Pivot Cups
Pivot cups are located in the baseplate’s pivot hole, supporting the hanger when making turns. Although small, they can significantly affect performance. An upgrade can make a big difference, and they need to fit perfectly to prevent wiggles. Stock pivot cups usually work fine.
Cup Washers for Stability
Cup washers are round metal rings that keep the bushings in place and provide extra stiffness, helping the bushings return to their initial position. If you hear clicking sounds, check the washers; they could be deformed, causing noise.
The Baseplate: A Foundation for Grinds
The baseplate, attached to the skateboard, includes holes for screws and bolts, a pivot hole, and a kingpin hole. A strong baseplate is essential, especially for skaters who grind a lot of curbs.
pivot cup and baseplate
(Optional) Shock and Riser Pads
Shock pads and riser pads, while not parts of the truck, improve ride comfort by dampening vibrations and can increase truck height allowing for bigger wheels. Riser pads prevent wheel bite when using bigger wheels. Here’s a guide on bolt lengths for riser or shock pads:
| Shock/Riser Pads | Bolt Length (inches) |
|---|---|
| Regular Setup | 7/8″ or 1″ |
| 1/8″ Shock Pads | 1″ or 1 1/8″ |
| 1/4″ Riser Pads | 1 1/4″ |
| 1/2″ Riser Pads | 1 1/2″ |
Matching Skateboard Trucks to Your Style
Skateboard trucks are often debated among skaters, especially the comparison between Thunder and Independent trucks. Both are excellent choices, but they differ in performance. Generally, Thunder trucks are favored for technical street skating, while Independent trucks excel in transition skateboarding. Thunder trucks are lower, offering quick turns, while Independents are known for stability.
Bushings also play a major role in truck performance, so choose according to personal preference.
Trucks for Street Skating
Thunder Hollow Lights
Thunder trucks are often preferred by street skaters due to their responsiveness and ability to grind curbs effectively. They sit closer to the ground, allowing for faster board spins which can make kickflips easier. However, they have less metal than other brands, so Independents may last longer in the long run.
Trucks for Cruising and Carving
Paris V3 trucks
Any quality truck brand will suffice for cruising, as long as you choose a high truck to accommodate larger wheels. Tensor, Independent, and Venture are great choices for tricks and cruising. Paris V3’s are great for carvy cruising.
Trucks for Transition Skateboarding
For transition skateboarding (vert, bowls, and mini ramps), Independent or Venture trucks are often the best choices. They provide the stability needed for ramp riding. Opting for wider trucks with a wider board will also provide a more forgiving ride.
Exploring Hollow and Titanium Trucks
independent and Thunder trucks compared
There’s a trend towards lighter trucks, either by hollowing out axles and kingpins or using aluminum. Hollow trucks are usually not much more expensive but don’t dramatically change performance. Titanium trucks are stronger, but the benefits might not be noticeable for everyone. These are often more of a preference than a rational choice, but buying them supports brands research efforts.
Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Tips
Skateboard trucks need minimal maintenance. You’ll need to adjust the kingpin nut from time to time, or replace bushings and washers, and, in rare cases, the kingpin. Trucks are far more durable than in the past, and bent axles are now less common. However, the axle’s thread may wear down from friction. Trucks can also withstand rain, though it is not recommended.
Breaking In Your Trucks
Trucks, especially the bushings, need time to break in. Some skaters sand down their trucks for smoother grinds. Avoid over-tightening the trucks, as this can deform the bushings and cause uneven turning. The best method for breaking in trucks is:
- Loosen the kingpin nut.
- Ride and carve frequently.
- Gradually tighten the nut over the next few days.
Tight vs. Loose Trucks
Loose trucks provide better turning capabilities but less stability, while tighter trucks offer more stability with less responsiveness. Transition skaters often prefer tighter trucks for stability, while street skaters often prefer looser trucks for more responsiveness. Experiment with both to find the perfect setting for you.
Addressing Loud Truck Noises
checklist why your skateboard turns on its own
Squeaky sounds usually come from worn-down bushings and sometimes can be fixed with some candle wax in the pivot hole, or may be resolved by replacing your bushings. Clicking sounds are often caused by faulty washers moving around the kingpin.
Finding the Best Truck Size
The best truck size is based on personal preference. Taller skaters and those who primarily skate transition often prefer wider trucks and boards for more stability. Narrower setups can be more responsive for tricks like kickflips.
Top Skateboard Truck Brands to Consider
Many truck brands exist, but a select few stand out. The top brands like Independent, Thunder, and Venture, have built reputations over decades and produce trucks with excellent quality and durability. Tensor and Ace trucks are also viable alternatives. Choose a brand that aligns with your budget, style, and values. After a while, your preference is a matter of psychological association.
Independent Trucks
independent trucks
Independent, established in 1978 and located in Santa Cruz, is known for durable and responsive trucks manufactured by Ermico Enterprises Inc. Indy’s have a longer life span, are supported by a lifetime warranty for production defects, and offer a selection of lighter trucks with the introduction of Forged Titanium and Indy Hollows.
| Size | Type | Height | Hanger Width | Axle Width | Deck Width |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 129 Low | Low | 48 mm | 5.0″ (128 mm) | 7.625″ (194 mm) | 7.375″ – 7.75″ |
| 129 Standard | High | 55 mm | 5.0″ (128 mm) | 7.625″ (194 mm) | 7.375″ – 7.75″ |
| 139 Low | Low | 48 mm | 5.39″ (137 mm) | 8″ (203 mm) | 7.875″ – 8.125″ |
| 139 Standard | High | 55 mm | 5.39″ (137 mm) | 8″ (203 mm) | 7.875″ – 8.125″ |
| 144 Standard | High | 55 mm | 5.625″ (143 mm) | 8.25″ (209 mm) | 8.125″ – 8.375″ |
| 149 Standard | High | 55 mm | 5.9″ (150 mm) | 8.5″ (216 mm) | 8.375″ – 8.625″ |
| 159 Standard | High | 55 mm | 6.15″ (156 mm) | 8.75″ (222 mm) | 8.625″ – 8.875″ |
| 169 Standard | High | 55 mm | 6.5″ (160 mm) | 9.125″ (232 mm) | 9″ – 9.25″ |
| 215 Standard | High | 55 mm | 7.36″ (187 mm) | 10″ (254 mm) | 9.75″ – 10.25″ |
Independent Standard Hollow
Standard Hollows feature a hollow kingpin and axle. While they are lighter, they are still durable and reliable. They are a good choice for those on a budget.
Independent Forged Hollow
These trucks feature a hollow kingpin, hollow axle, and a forged baseplate, making them stronger and of better value for the price.
Independent Forged Titanium
Forged Titanium trucks are the most expensive of the three. They come with a hollow kingpin, a titanium axle, and a forged baseplate. They are extremely high-quality, but the difference may not be significant when compared to Forged Hollows.
Thunder Trucks
Thunder trucks
Thunder Trucks, founded in 1986 and distributed through Deluxe, are known for being responsive and favored by street skaters. Thunder trucks are known for their stability and durability, despite having less metal compared to Independent.
| Size | Type | Height | Hanger Width | Axle Width | Deck Width |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 143 | Mid | 50 mm | 4.5″ (115 mm) | 7.125″ (181 mm) | 6.875″ – 7.375″ |
| 145 Low | Low | 47 mm | 5.0″ (128 mm) | 7.625″ (194 mm) | 7.375″ – 7.75″ |
| 145 High | Mid | 50 mm | 5.0″ (128 mm) | 7.625″ (194 mm) | 7.375″ – 7.75″ |
| 147 High | Mid | 50 mm | 5.39″ (137 mm) | 8″ (203 mm) | 7.875″ – 8.125″ |
| 148 High | Mid | 50 mm | 5.67″ (144 mm) | 8.25″ (210 mm) | 8.125″ – 8.375″ |
| 149 High | Mid | 52 mm | 5.9″ (150 mm) | 8.5″ (216 mm) | 8.375″ – 8.625″ |
| 151 High | Mid | 52 mm | 6.15″ (156 mm) | 8.75″ (222 mm) | 8.625″ – 8.875″ |
Thunder Lights
Thunder Lights feature a hollow kingpin and a forged aluminum baseplate, making them lighter, strong, and reliable. Their lower profile provides great stability, and they lock into grinds easily.
Thunder Team Hollows
Team Hollows include a hollow kingpin and axle with a slightly higher baseplate than regular Thunders, created for team riders who wanted higher trucks.
Thunder Hollow Lights
Thunder Hollow Lights are lightweight, with a hollow kingpin and axle made of aircraft-grade material.
Thunder Titanium Lights
The most expensive Thunder truck with a hollow kingpin, a forged baseplate, and a titanium axle, providing great designs with high quality materials, although cheaper options are just as good.
Venture Trucks
Venture Trucks
Venture is known for its stability and excellent trucks for bowls, verts, and mini ramps. They produce high-quality trucks and started as an underground company credited with inventing the modern street truck. They are a more affordable alternative to Thunder or Indy, as they share Indy’s foundry.
| Size | Type | Height | Hanger Width | Axle Width | Deck Width |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0 Low | Low | 48 mm | 5.0″ (128 mm) | 7.625″ (194 mm) | 7.5″ – 7.75″ |
| 5.0 High | High | 53.5 mm | 5.0″ (128 mm) | 7.625″ (194 mm) | 7.5″ – 7.75″ |
| 5.25 Low | Low | 48 mm | 5.39″ (137 mm) | 8″ (203 mm) | 7.875″ – 8.125″ |
| 5.25 High | High | 53.5 mm | 5.39″ (137 mm) | 8″ (203 mm) | 7.875″ – 8.125″ |
| 5.8 High | High | 53.5 mm | 5.9″ (150 mm) | 8.5″ (216 mm) | 8.375″ – 8.625″ |
Tensor Trucks
Tensor Trucks close up
Tensor, founded in 2000 by Rodney Mullen, is a newer brand that is known for innovative and lightweight designs. Tensor makes some of the lightest trucks on the market, using magnesium and hollow axles and kingpins.
Tensor Maglight Trucks
- Tensor Aluminum: Made almost entirely of aluminum.
- Tensor Magnesium Light: Lightweight with a hollow kingpin and axle.
- Tensor Über EX17 Slider Magnesium Light: Features a slider for nose and tail slides.
| Size | Type | Height | Hanger Width | Axle Width | Deck Width |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.25 Low | Low | 46 mm | 5.25″ (133 mm) | 8″ (202 mm) | 7.875″ – 8.125″ |
| 5.25 Regular | Mid | 52 mm | 5.25″ (133 mm) | 8″ (202 mm) | 7.875″ – 8.125″ |
| 5.5 Low | Low | 46 mm | 5.5″ (140 mm) | 8.125″ (207 mm) | 8″ – 8.25″ |
| 5.5 Regular | Mid | 52 mm | 5.5″ (140 mm) | 8.125″ (207 mm) | 8″ – 8.25″ |
| 5.75 Regular | Mid | 52 mm | 5.75″ (146 mm) | 8.375″ (213 mm) | 8.25″ – 8.5″ |
| 6.0 Regular | Mid | 52 mm | 6″ (152 mm) | 8.625″ (219 mm) | 8.5″ – 8.75″ |
Conclusion
Don’t overthink selecting your skateboard trucks. Ensure they match your deck width, and remember that trucks need time to break in. Breaking in your bushings can be frustrating for some. After a while, you’ll likely feel like your trucks are perfect. Always buy from reputable brands or risk the consequences of cheaper alternatives. Brands like Tensor, Independent, Venture, Thunder, Paris, and Ace all offer great options.
Ruben vee
Ruben Vee
I’m an aged skateboarder and still shred responsibly. Started skateboarding 25 years ago, peaked in the 2000’s, and still ride to this day. I am a total geek when it comes to skateboard gear, love test to stuff and share my findings.
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